Which of the following countries was NOT involved in the colonization of North America?

The reasoning behind selecting Germany as the country that was not involved in the colonization of North America lies in the historical context of European colonization efforts. While Sweden, France, and Spain all established colonies and had significant engagement in the exploration and settlement of North America, Germany's involvement was minimal during the key periods of colonization.

During the Age of Exploration and subsequent settlement of North America from the late 15th century onward, Germany as a cohesive nation-state did not exist. The Holy Roman Empire, which encompassed many German-speaking regions, was primarily focused on European affairs and did not prioritize overseas colonization in the same manner as Spain and France. Instead, German migrants tended to settle in areas that were already colonized by other major powers rather than establishing their own colonies.

In contrast, Sweden established colonies such as New Sweden along the Delaware River, France claimed vast territories in Canada and along the Mississippi River, and Spain extended its empire throughout the Southwest and Florida. Thus, while individuals from the Germanic regions did migrate to North America, there was no concerted colonial effort from what we would identify as Germany during this critical era.