How many chemical elements are listed on the periodic table?

The periodic table currently lists 118 confirmed chemical elements. This number reflects both naturally occurring elements and those that have been synthesized in laboratories. Each element has a unique atomic number corresponding to the number of protons in its nucleus, and they are organized on the table based on their atomic structure and properties. The increasing number from hydrogen, the lightest element, to the heaviest elements is a crucial aspect of the periodic structure, allowing scientists to predict characteristics and behaviors of elements based on their position.

In this context, the options suggesting 98, 108, or 128 are incorrect because they do not represent the total number of recognized elements on the periodic table. The figure of 118 is widely accepted in the scientific community and is verified by organizations such as IUPAC (International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry).